Posts in Monetary Policy
Has Inflation (Fear) Peaked?

I don’t have a definitive answer to the question posed above, but I think it is fair to say that markets traded last week as if the answer is: ‘yes’. In Europe, bund yields plunged below 1.5%, after touching almost 2% earlier in the month, and Dec-22 euribor futures are now pricing-in 50bp less tightening than immediately after the June ECB meeting. The catalyst: a below-consensus PMI report and news that Russia is slowly, but surely turning off gas supply to Europe. In the UK, bond yields have fallen too, in response to a below-consensus core CPI print. And finally, in the US, Jerome Powell’s comment, in a testimony to Congress, that a recession is ‘a possibility’ as the Fed embarks on a series of rate hikes, and QT, similarly drove down bond yields across the curve.

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Spare a Thought

Spare a thought for the Fed. The hope that inflation had peaked in March was brutally dashed last week as headline inflation printed a new high, of 8.6%. A 50bp rate hike this month is now all but certain, with many forecasters looking for 75bp. We could also spare a thought for the BoE. The Old Lady told markets last time in convened that it expects inflation to rise above 10% by Q4, that the economy could well fall into recession, but that it will continue hiking anyway. Or maybe, we should spare a thought for the ECB. Last week, Ms. Lagarde informed investors that the central bank intends to raise rates by 50bp, at least, between now and September, followed by a "sustained and gradual" rate hikes. Yields and spreads rose on the day, likely more than the ECB would have expected, let alone liked, and the euro weakened. The central bank we shouldn't spare a thought for, however, is the BOJ, apparently.

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The Inversion

Your corresponding blogger has spent most of his time this week recovering from Covid, which has ruined some otherwise carefully laid plans for this week’s missive. I thought that I’d start slowly then, by dissecting the topic on everyone’s minds this week; the inverted U.S. yield curve. Albert Edwards is absolutely right when he says that: "Once inversion occurs a whole new industry emerges, devoted to dismissing the relevance of the signal.” Albert quotes Juliette Declercq of JDI Research for the argument that this time is indeed different for the 2s10s, mainly because the real yield curve—here the 5s30s TIPS vs the nominal 5s30s—is still upward sloping, even steepening. Albert looks to the Macro Compass—penned by Macro Alf—for the contrasting point that if you use forward 2y yields, the real yield curve is in fact very flat. Albert concludes, perhaps not surprisingly for the ice-age perma-bear that the "Fed funds won’t need to rise much before the Fed crashes the economy and the markets. It is as they say “déjà vu all over again”.

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Are you not entertained?

There are a lot of things we don’t know about Russia’s attempt to invade Ukraine, but there are also some things we do know. Mr. Putin’s gamble, and the West’s response, has brought into view one of the few existential tail risks that isn’t a Black Swan, which is to say, it is a known unknown: The risk of an escalation into war between Russia and NATO, and the exchange of nuclear weaponry. The continued call on NATO from Ukraine president Volodymyr Zelensky to impose a no-fly zone his country is an alarming case in point. I have no idea how to quantify such a risk, and it is fair to assume that markets don’t either, at least not with any accuracy. BCA’s suggestion that you might as well be long stocks on a 12-month basis, even if you think an ICBM is headed your way is probably a fair reflection of the level of analysis you can expect from your favourite sell-side researcher. Take everything you read with a heap of salt.

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